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| Glossary Page 1 of 7 | Next page >> | Related links | ||||
| AI (Ato Institucional) | ||||||
The Institutional Acts were a series of unique, extra-constitutional decrees, the military government used after the 1964 coup to reorganize political life. They constituted the justification for military intervention and also provided a political framework within which major institutional and structural reforms were made. While not canceling the Constitution, whether that of 1946 or 1967, the acts superseded and restricted the purview of the document. Read more... | ||||||
| AI-1 |
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Issued on the 9th of April 1964 this act vastly strenghtened the powers of the chief executive (i.e. the president). While the 1946 constitution remained in force, it was subject to modification by the act. Read more... | ||||||
| AI-2 |
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With the publication of this second Institutional act on October 27, 1965, the military regime made a basic decision to restructure national politics to try to ensure that the legacy of the 1946 Republic would be effectively neutralized. Read more... | ||||||
| AI-3 |
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| This act issued on February 5, 1966, replaced direct election of governors with selection by state legislatures on September 3, 1966, scheduled legislative elections for federal senators and deputies and state deputies for November 15, 1966 and eliminated the election of mayors of all capital cities, who would henceforth be selected by the governors of the states. | ||||||
| AI-4 |
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| This Institutional Act issued on December 7, 1966 convoked an extraordinary meeting of Congress to vote and promulgate a new constitution. The preamble of the fourth act stated that it had become necessary to give the country a new constitution that would represent the institutionalization of the ideas and principles of the Revolution. | ||||||
| AI-5 |
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This act issued on December 13, 1968 stated that the revolutionary process unfolding could not be detained. The very institutions given to the nation by the Revolution for its defense were being used to destroy it, said the preamble of the act. Read more... | ||||||
| Amazon |
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| If you don't know that the Amazon is the name of a river in Brazil you're probably George W. Bush or Dan Quayle. Most people also know that the Amazons are a race of women warriors in Greek mythology. Read more... | ||||||
| Amigos dos Amigos (ADA) | ||||||
| In 1998 the two traditional Rio de Janeiro crime factions Comando Vermelho and Terceiro Comando were joined by a third Amigos dos Amigos. After it was robbed of its leaders it joined forces with the Terceiro Comando. Read more... | ||||||
| ARENA (Alian?a Renovadora Nacional) | ||||||
In 1965 the military government abolished the multi-party system and replaced it by a two party system. ARENA which was the government party and the MDB for the entire opposition. The majority of the politicians who joined ARENA had belonged to the UDN and an almost equal number came from the PSD . Read more... | ||||||
| Bandeira | ||||||
Name for the roving bands of explorers and slave hunters from the Sao Paolo state. They were the first to explore the interior, discovered gold in Minas Gerais and this way secured a Brazil way bigger than allowed by the Treaty of Tordesillas. Read more... | ||||||
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